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  		• Aarskog syndrome
    Facial-digital-genital syndrome Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Aarskog syndrome is a genetic disorder that is linked to the X chromosome. It affects mainly males, but females may have a milder form. The condition is caused by changes (mutations) in a gene called "faciogenital dysplasia" ( FGDY1 ).
  		• Aase syndrome
    Aase-Smith syndrome; Hypoplastic anemia/Triphalangeal thumb syndrome Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Most cases of Aase syndrome occur without a known reason and are not passed down through families (inherited). However, some cases have been shown to be inherited. The anemia in Aase syndrome is caused by poor development of the bone marrow, which is where blood cells are formed.
  		• Abdomen - swollen
    Swollen belly; Swelling in the abdomen; Abdominal distention; Distended abdomen Common Causes: Abdominal swelling, or distention, is more often caused by overeating than by a serious illness. This problem can be caused by: Air swallowing (a nervous habit) Buildup of fluid in the abdomen (this can be a sign of a serious medical problem) Gas in the intestines from eating foods that are high in fiber (such as fruits and vegetables) Irritable bowel syndrome Lactose intolerance Ovarian cyst Partial bowel blockage Pregnancy Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) Uterine fibroids Weight gain Home Care: A swollen abdomen that is caused by eating a heavy meal will go away when you digest the food.
  		• Abdominal aortic aneurysm
    Aneurysm - aortic; AAA Causes, incidence, and risk factors: The exact cause is unknown, but risk factors for developing an aortic aneurysm include: Smoking High blood pressure High cholesterol Male gender Emphysema Genetic factors Obesity An abdominal aortic aneurysm can develop in anyone, but is most often seen in males over 60 who have one or more risk factors.
  		• Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair - open
    AAA - open; Repair - aortic aneurysm - open Description: The surgery will take place in an operating room.
  		• Abdominal bloating
    Bloating; Meteorism Considerations: Common Causes: Common causes include: Air swallowing (a nervous habit) Constipation Gastroesophageal reflux Irritable bowel syndrome Lactose intolerance and other food intolerances Overeating Small bowel bacterial overgrowth Weight gain The diabetes medication acarbose, as well as any medicine containing lactulose or sorbitol, may cause bloating.
  		• Abdominal CT scan
    Computed tomography scan - abdomen; CT scan - abdomen; CAT scan - abdomen How the test is performed: You will be asked to lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner. Usually, you will lie on your back with your arms raised above the head. Once you are inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you.
  		• Abdominal exploration
    Laparotomy; Exploratory laparotomy Description: An abdominal exploration (laparotomy) is done while you are under general anesthesia, which means you are asleep and feel no pain during the procedure. The surgeon makes a cut into the abdomen and examines the abdominal organs.
  		• Abdominal girth
    Review Date: 11/13/2011 Reviewed By: David C.
  		• Abdominal mass
    Mass in the abdomen Considerations: An abdominal mass is usually found during a routine physical examination . Most of the time the mass develops slowly. You may not be able to feel the mass. Finding where the pain occurs helps the doctor make a diagnosis. For example, the abdomen is usually divided into four areas: Right-upper quadrant Left-upper quadrant Right-lower quadrant Left-lower quadrant Other terms used to find the location of abdominal pain or masses include: Epigastric -- center of the abdomen just below the rib cage Periumbilical -- area around the bellybutton The location of the mass and its firmness, texture, and other qualities can provide clues to its cause.
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